Volume XXI, Issue 1, Cross-Cultural Management Journal
Issue 1
Daniela Nicoleta BOTONE
 

The article presents an experimental analysis of perceptual experiences related to the music –color synesthesia and grapheme – color synesthesia in Romanian culture. The data have showed significant differences in the occurrence of the synaesthetic perceptions experienced by participants depending on group’size, gender and the two forms of synesthesia. The experimental sample consisted of 67 Romanian participants. Further, limits and implications of the research were discussed.

  • Type: Case Study
  • Published on: 15th January, 2019
  • Keywords: Personality; Synesthesia; Perception; Culture; Group
  • Pages: 7-12
  • Received: 19th October, 2018
  • Final revision and acceptance: 12th January, 2019
Volume XXI, Issue 1, Cross-Cultural Management Journal
Issue 1
Rawan ABUZARQA
 

This article critically aims to demonstrate the relationship between three variables: organizational culture, risk management and oragizational performance. The main factor is organizational culture and how it impacts on the risk management and performance of the organization. The research also focuses on the influence of organizational culture on performance and risk management in the bank sector. This paper ins based on secondary literature which reviews analytical research of multifaceted data, such as peer-reviewed journal articles, university textbooks, internet resources, etc. Organizational culture represents one of the key variables impacting organizational performanc. Organizational culture develops when the culture and principles of the employees are compatible with the culture and principles of the institution and it reflects high performance and efficiency. Moreover, the perception of risk and risk management influence the organizational culture. This is then reflected in the strategic management and performance as the combination of efficiency and effectiveness. This study also emphasizes the importance for banks and other organizations to create or apply an efficient framework, for the risk events identification, analysis and monitoring.

  • Type: Review Article
  • Published on: 5th May, 2019
  • Keywords: Organizational culture; Performance management; Bank culture; Risk management; Denison model (2006); Matis model (2013)
  • Pages: 13-20
  • Received: 8th March, 2019
  • Final revision and acceptance: 1st May, 2019
Volume XXI, Issue 1, Cross-Cultural Management Journal
Issue 1
Sebastian D. TOCAR
 

This paper presents a qualitative approach to the comparative analysis of the existing cultural dimensions systems. It selected three of the most appreciated cultural dimensions systems elaborated by Hofstede, Trompenaars and the GLOBE project. The characteristics of the cultural dimensions of each approach were subjected to a content analysis in order to identify the values captured by each dimension. The system of cultural values proposed by Milton Rokeach was established as the basis for coding peculiarities. The results of the analysis demonstrated conceptual similarities and differences among the above mentioned cultural dimensions systems, the level of their conceptual development and the extent to which they match the system of human values. These results allowed the author to identify the shortcomings of these cultural dimensions systems and the issues that require more attention in the context of intercultural research.

  • Type: Case Study
  • Published on: 5th May, 2019
  • Keywords: Culture; Intercultural; Cultural dimension; Value; Content analysis
  • Pages: 21-34
  • Received: 12th March, 2019
  • Final revision and acceptance: 1st May, 2019
Volume XXI, Issue 1, Cross-Cultural Management Journal
Issue 1
Osama ALHENDI
 

The study aims to explain the impact of the Proficiency Index in English (EPI) on Quality Education (Sustainable Development Goal No. 4), on the development of countries globally and specifically on the development of Hungary. In order to make this point, the study used the Pearson correlation test (via SPSS software), GDP scores (IMF report) and EPI (Education First Ltd report) with data from 2017. The study was based on a survey carried out on 107 foreign students in the area of Debrecen. The questionnaire took language barriers and daily commercial transactions into consideration. According to the study EPI influenced positively on both Quality Education and the national economy. Besides that, the questionnaire indicated that foreign students faced many obstacles to communicate and socialize. The survey also provided a number of useful suggestions and solutions regarding this case.

  • Type: Case Study
  • Published on: 22th May, 2019
  • Keywords: Sustainable Development; Quality Education Goal No. 4; English Proficiency Index; Intercultural Communication; Economic Growth
  • Pages: 35-43
  • Received: 8th April, 2019
  • Final revision and acceptance: 21th May, 2019
Volume XXI, Issue 1, Cross-Cultural Management Journal
Issue 1
Mohannad ALOBID, Szűcs ISTVÁN, Muhamad ZEED
 

The study highlights the socio-economic impact of the rural development projects that were carried out in the North-Eastern region of Syria among the local population. This analysis aims to evaluate several aspects: the personal characteristics of the beneficiaries; the activities created by the rural development project; the constraints faced by the beneficiaries, which limited their activities and profit within the rural development project, and their solutions to these limitations. The survey found that 43.3% of the beneficiary respondents are middle-aged, 47% can read and write and 35.3% have an educational qualification. Furthermore, 43.5% of beneficiaries are medium land holders and 62.8% own the land they cultivate themselves. Regarding the development training, 44.7% of beneficiaries attended development training, while 48.2% received vocational training. 76.5% of the projects are ongoing, and 98.8% of the evaluation of the respondents’ project was successful. Concerning marketing the mushroom production, 78.3% had difficulties with marketing their production and 90.5% suggested help was needed with marketing mushrooms.

  • Type: Case Study
  • Published on: 15th July, 2019
  • Keywords: Socio-economic Impacts; Beneficiaries; Rural Development Project
  • Pages: 45-55
  • Received: 8th April, 2019
  • Final revision and acceptance: 1st July, 2019
Volume XXI, Issue 1, Cross-Cultural Management Journal
Issue 1
Sebastian D. TOCAR
 

This paper presents a quantitative approach to the analysis of the impact of cultural factors on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). FDI is indispensable for the economic development of Eastern European countries, including Romania. In turn, FDI is determined by a multitude of factors, including cultural ones. Religiosity is an extremely important cultural factor since religion defines culture. However, the religious factor seems to be avoided in the context of FDI research. This study proposes an original reliable indicator designed to quantify religiosity –the Religiosity Index based on the review of literature in the field. This construct is analyzed as a cultural factor with an influence on FDI through simultaneous equations modeling. This allowed the author to identify the significant relationships in the multitude of bilateral and complex interrelations of FDI determinants.

  • Type: Case Study
  • Published on: 15th July, 2019
  • Keywords: Investment; FDI; Culture; Intercultural; Religiosity; Simultaneous equations modelling
  • Pages: 57-66
  • Received: 12th June, 2019
  • Final revision and acceptance: 1st July, 2019
Volume XXI, Issue 1, Cross-Cultural Management Journal
Issue 1
Vahid Zeynvand LORESTANI, Domicián MÁTÉ
 

The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between job satisfaction and employees’ attitudinal and behavioral loyalty from a microeconomic perspective. The paper reviews the literature in the field since the 1970s; this study is based on the hypothesis that the employees who show a conscious tendency to build a better relationship with their employer, are most likely loyal employees. The study also states that the employer's approval is the result of loyalty. Concurrently, it shows that there is a direct relationship between job satisfaction and personal loyalty. Hence, companies need to make workers satisfied and they will be more and more loyal to the company. Moreover, this study tries to propose a model based on an classification of organizational positions in the case of a pharmaceutical company in IRAN.

  • Type: Case Study
  • Published on: 30th July, 2019
  • Keywords: Job Satisfaction; Commitment; Behavioural Loyalty; Attitudinal Loyalty
  • Pages: 67-72
  • Received: 5th July, 2019
  • Final revision and acceptance: 17th July, 2019
Volume XXI, Issue 1, Cross-Cultural Management Journal
Issue 1
Iulia ROȘOIU
 

The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of public debt on the economic growth, government expenditures and revenues in Romania over the period 1995-2020. The estimation is performed using simple Vector Autoregressive model. The results indicate that the economy is discouraged for the first period, starting to grow after. The effects on government expenditures and revenues are positive for two periods, afterwards they decrease. The significance of the impact is similar on the aggregate fiscal and budget variables and more important compared to the one on the economic growth.

  • Type: Case Study
  • Published on: 30th July, 2019
  • Keywords: Public debt; Economic growth; Simple VAR model
  • Pages: 73-78
  • Received: 7th July, 2019
  • Final revision and acceptance: 19th July, 2019
Volume XXI, Issue 2, Cross-Cultural Management Journal
Issue 2
Constantin NECULA, Maria CURTEAN
 

Working with children of different nationalities and cultures is a challenge for the Romanian teachers. It requires both new research in the methodology field and a reconsideration of the importance of some of the subjects taught in schools. In this regard, the article shows the role of religious education in the context of the global challenges and quick changes, which require a new approach of child education based on transversal competencies. Considering the primary Finnish School of Sibiu model, the authors’ view is that the class of religious education can contribute through tools and methods of non-formal education to the holistic project of educating man, namely body-mind and soul. They consider that it trains the child to be a responsible citizen with a strong identity, able to face the new challenges and to understand the civic and ethical dimension of life. Moreover, it contributes to developing child’s spiritual intelligence, preparing him to live responsibly in the religious pluralism and offering the chance to assimilate and apply the common values, namely love, respect, communion and spirit of justice.

  • Type: Perspective, opinion and commentary
  • Published on: 23th December, 2019
  • Keywords: Education; Intercultural; Education; Religion; Competencies
  • Pages: 89-95
  • Received: 12th September, 2019
  • Final revision and acceptance: 1st December, 2019
Volume XXI, Issue 2, Cross-Cultural Management Journal
Issue 2
Angelica-Nicoleta NECULĂESEI (ONEA)
 

The organizations’ competition for profit, but also the phenomena associated to the third wave have emphasized possible needs that can be met through rediscovery of spirituality, by individuals and organizations. Although the interest for this dimension has been manifested for some time, many aspects were not clarified, which is why we consider necessary to develop a review of the specialized literature.

  • Type: Review Article
  • Published on: 23th December, 2019
  • Keywords: Workplace spirituality; Spirit at work; Spirituality in organization; Models of spirituality in work; Measuring spirituality
  • Pages: 97-103
  • Received: 10th November, 2019
  • Final revision and acceptance: 1st December, 2019
Volume XXI, Issue 2, Cross-Cultural Management Journal
Issue 2
Anca COLIBABA, Irina GHEORGHIU, Irina CROITORU, Carmen ANTONITA
 

The article is based on the Parsifal project, a European project funded by the Erasmus+ programme (Project Number: 2018-1-PL01-KA201-050865), which is being implemented by EuroEd Foundation Iasi, Romania. The project aims to bring cultural heritage to the attention of students in order to enrich their learning processes. The project looks at traditional tales and legends in each partner country (Poland, Italy, Lithuania, Bulgaria and Romania) with a view to identifying common European roots. The paper focuses on main themes and common features identified in Bulgarian, Italian, Lithuanian, Polish and Romanian legends: real and mythological characters and animals, heritage, environments and common objects, recurring situations and challenges, moral and ethical topics.

  • Type: Case Study
  • Published on: 23th December, 2019
  • Keywords: Legends; Cultural heritage; Common roots
  • Pages: 105-109
  • Received: 20th October, 2019
  • Final revision and acceptance: 1st December, 2019
Volume XXI, Issue 2, Cross-Cultural Management Journal
Issue 2
Lilia COVAS, Angela PIRLOG
 

The process of training intercultural competences of future managers is closely associated to the national culture of the country they come from. This is why studying cultural dimensions is very important in this context. Possible intercultural differences can be ameliorated through the getting of intercultural competences, and the intercultural formation considers the cultural positioning of the countries, according to different models. Main methodological approach of this paper represents the comparative research. Part of the information in the article includes the works of foreign and local researchers in the field of managerial theory and practice and scientific studies carried out in the Republic of Moldova and Romania. We used as the basis of our study the model of national culture differences of Fons Trompenaars and Charles Hampden-Turner. In the article the authors analyzed the cultural dimensions of the business students from Romania and the Republic of Moldova. The results of the study allow highlighting certain important particularities, which must be taken into account when developing intercultural competence of future managers. This is explained by the fact that the culture and the way they see the world will dictate their attitudes and behaviors in their personal and professional lives. How they perceive different cultures and how they react to them should make them think about problems and then find the best solutions for maintaining intercultural consensus.

  • Type: Original Research
  • Published on: 23th December, 2019
  • Keywords: Intercultural competence; Cultural dimension; Trompenaars and Hampden-Turner model
  • Pages: 111-119
  • Received: 14th August, 2019
  • Final revision and acceptance: 1st December, 2019
Volume XXI, Issue 2, Cross-Cultural Management Journal
Issue 2
Carmen CIORNEA
 

The present study is an overview of students’ congresses organized in 1927 and 1928 by three organizations – the Y. M. C. A. (Young Men's Christian Association), the A. S. C. R. (the Christian Student Association, Romania) and the U. N. S. C. R. (Christian Students’ National Union of Romania); it is a period marked by growing tensions among members of the U. N. S. C. R., the radicalization of the relationships among young people from various Christian national student movements, who will gradually discover irreconcilable incompatibilities. The sources of documentation are national archives and the press of those times. Alexandru Teodorescu (alias Sandu Tudor), the central figure of this paper, also fits in the picture of a generation engaged in the chase to discover the eschatological dimension of their time. The fractures between the two organizations stemming from ideas (the differences between the Christian dogmas promoted by the Y. M. C. A and the orthodox church) and social context (a distinct response to radicalized student movements) are also reflected in the evolution of Sandu Tudor’s perception of the relationships among the A. S. A. C. R. U., the N. S. C. A. and the Y. M. C. A.

  • Type: Perspective, opinion and commentary
  • Published on: 23th December, 2019
  • Keywords: Sandu Tudor; Alexandru Teodorescu; Orthodoxy; Young Men's Christian Association; Association of Romanian Christian Students
  • Pages: 121-135
  • Received: 19th July, 2019
  • Final revision and acceptance: 1st December, 2019
Volume XXI, Issue 2, Cross-Cultural Management Journal
Issue 2
Agus SUROSO, MAFUDI, Amber LUMBANTORUAN, Ascaryan RAFINDA
 

This paper focuses on the potential of the plantbased production in Sumbanga, a region located in Banyumas, Indonesia. A lot of villagers in Sumbang are plant growers, making Sumbang a place with great potential for plant-based production. However, villagers do not take advantage of this reality and the study higlights the main problem encountered: villagers are not aware of the potential their rural area has. The research uses action research methodology, which combines doing research, taking action and making the necessary changes after profound critical reflection on the consequences of the envisaged measures. This paper examines the potential of the area and analyses the findings of the focus group discussions with several parties (rural authorities, rural public figures, managers of the village owned companies etc.) with a view to devising the action strategy for implementing the digital marketing policy. Following the introduction of the digital marketing strategies the research also focuses on the impact social media may have on the sales of rural products.

  • Type: Case Study
  • Published on: 18th October, 2019
  • Keywords: Digital Marketing; Rural Product; BUM Des
  • Pages: 137-142
  • Received: 30th September, 2019
  • Final revision and acceptance: 17th October, 2019
Volume XXI, Issue 2, Cross-Cultural Management Journal
Issue 2
Carmit Moshe ROZENTAL
 

This material is part of a doctoral thesis for which the impulse came from the author’s experience in working with women and man employees, from working with pupils: boys and girls aged 12-18, as well as from the author’s experience in the past 27 years of working in the Ministry of Education in Israel starting as a young teacher and progressing over time to director. Marketing women to senior managerial positions can lead to an economy that allows equal opportunities for both genders on the basis of qualifications alone, without gender bias. In recent years, this topic has been researched at a global level in various frameworks. Some of the interesting questions regarding this subject are: What are the factors influencing the marketing of women to managerial position? Is it a matter of age, education, culture, personality, or public awareness? Maybe it is a combination of these parameters? To answer these questions, it is worth examining them with mixed method research, wherein utilizing the advantages of qualitative research enables an in-depth, detailed and flexible examination of the subject under study.

  • Type: Original Research
  • Published on: 15th December, 2019
  • Keywords: Marketing of Women; Phenomenology; Ethnography; Action research; Grounded theory
  • Pages: 143-151
  • Received: 10th October, 2019
  • Final revision and acceptance: 12th December, 2019
Volume XXI, Issue 2, Cross-Cultural Management Journal
Issue 2
Silvia Mioara ILIE (TROI), Ramona Cristina GHIȚĂ
 

Organizational culture is the invisible force of each company that ensures the coherence of daily actions and explains the so different results obtained under the same market conditions of the various relatively similar organizations in terms of size, market share or field of activity. From this point of view, it is important for any company to know more closely the characteristics of its own organizational culture, in order to develop policies and strategies that are in line with the values accepted and shared by the members of the organization. Moreover, understanding the perceptions, values and norms shared by the employees, in other words, knowing the organizational culture of the individuals in the organization, is essential for shaping the internal communication, so that the messages transmitted do not conflict with the values and expectations of the employees. The purpose of the article is to provide an increase in knowledge regarding the role that organizational culture plays in the contemporary economy.

  • Type: Original Research
  • Published on: 15th December, 2019
  • Keywords: Organizational culture; Organization; Employees; Management
  • Pages: 153-158
  • Received: 5th November, 2019
  • Final revision and acceptance: 13th December, 2019